mineral

Moss Agate and Hematite

Silica (SiO2) with fibrous inclusions of Manganese or Iron; Hematite (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Agate), 5.5-6.5 (Hematite); Color: Green, white, gray, black; Luster: Vitreous to metallic; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (Trigonal); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.64 (Agate), 5.26 (Hematite)

Hardness: 6
Color: Green, white, gray, black
Luster: Vitreous to metallic

Identified March 23, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in volcanic rocks or hydrothermal veins through the deposition of silica; contains dendritic inclusions that resemble plants. Hematite is an iron oxide formed in oxygen-rich environments. Found in various geological ages.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in jewelry (beads, cabochons), ornamental carvings, and metaphysical practices. Historically used in agriculture as a 'gardener's stone'.

Geological facts

Despite its name, moss agate does not contain organic matter; the 'moss' patterns are actually dendritic mineral inclusions. Hematite is the primary ore of iron and is often polished for its metallic sheen.

Field identification & locations

Identify by the characteristic green moss-like patterns and translucent base. Hematite beads are heavy for their size and have a metallic, silvery-black luster. Commonly found in India, Brazil, and the USA.

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