metamorphic
Nephrite Jade
Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2
Hardness: 6-6.5 (Mohs), Color: Dark green to grey-green, Luster: Vitreous to greasy, Crystal structure: Monoclinic (felted fibrous aggregates), Cleavage: Indistinct, Specific Gravity: 2.9-3.1
- Hardness
- 6-6
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-6.5 (Mohs), Color: Dark green to grey-green, Luster: Vitreous to greasy, Crystal structure: Monoclinic (felted fibrous aggregates), Cleavage: Indistinct, Specific Gravity: 2.9-3.1
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional metamorphism of magnesium-rich limestones (dolomites) or the hydrothermal alteration of ultramafic rocks. Found in metamorphic belts worldwide.
Uses & applications
Primarily used for jewelry, ornamental carvings, decorative items, and as a collector's gemstone. Historically used for making axe heads and tools due to its extreme toughness.
Geological facts
Nephrite is one of two distinct minerals known as Jade (the other being Jadeite). It is famous for its incredible toughness because of its interlocking fibrous structure, making it harder to break than diamond.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its waxy luster when polished and its significant weight for its size. Common locations include British Columbia, New Zealand, Russia, and China. In the field, look for smooth, water-worn boulders in riverbeds.
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