mineral

Red Carnelian

Carnelian (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Hardness: 6.5-7 Mohs scale; Color: Red to brownish-red; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.64

Hardness: 6
Color: Red to brownish-red
Luster: Vitreous to waxy

Identified May 23, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 Mohs scale; Color: Red to brownish-red; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.64

Formation & geological history

Formed in low-temperature hydrothermal environments where silica-rich fluids permeate volcanic rock cavities or sedimentary layers. Its color is derived from iron oxide (hematite) impurities.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry for cabochons and beads, as well as decorative carvings, seals, and as a healing stone in various cultural practices.

Geological facts

Carnelian has been used as a gemstone since prehistoric times; it was highly valued in Ancient Egypt where it was believed to assist the soul in its journey to the afterlife.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its translucent brownish-red hue and lack of visible crystalline structure. Common locations include Brazil, India, Uruguay, and Madagascar.