Nephrite Jade

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6.0-6.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Sage green, grey-green, or spinach green. Luster: Vitreous to greasy. Crystal Structure: Monoclinic, consisting of dense, interlocking felted fibers. Cleavage: Indistinct. Specific Gravity: 2.90-3.03.

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the regional metamorphism of magnesium-rich carbonate rocks (dolomites) or the hydrothermal alteration of ultramafic igneous rocks (serpentinites). It is often found in subduction zone environments where high pressure and low temperature conditions prevail.

Uses & Applications

Used extensively in jewelry (cabochons, beads), decorative carvings, sculpture, and historically for tool making (axes, chisels) due to its extreme toughness.

Geological Facts

Nephrite is famous for its 'toughness,' which is superior even to diamond in terms of resistance to fracturing, caused by its interwoven fibrous structure. It has been a sacred stone in Chinese culture for over 5,000 years.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its waxy/greasy luster, high density, and extreme resistance to breakage. It is commonly found in British Columbia (Canada), New Zealand, Wyoming (USA), and Russia. Collectors look for translucency and lack of fractures.

Identified on: 4/15/2026

Mode: Standard