Amethyst

Physical Properties

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Purple to deep violet, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal, Specific gravity: 2.65

Formation & Geological History

Formed in hydrothermal veins or as linings in geodes within igneous or metamorphic rocks; color is due to irradiation of trivalent iron impurities.

Uses & Applications

Primary use as a gemstone in jewelry, decorative carvings, and as a popular collector's specimen.

Geological Facts

The name comes from the Greek word 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', as it was historically believed to protect against drunkenness.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its distinct purple color and crystal habit. Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, and Africa. Test for quartz hardness (7) to distinguish from purple fluorite.

Identified on: 5/9/2026

Mode: Standard