mineral

Labradorite

(Ca, Na)(Al, Si)4O8 (Plagioclase Feldspar)

Hardness: 6-6.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Dark gray to greenish-black with iridescent flashes of blue, green, and gold; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Triclinic; Cleavage: Two directions at nearly 90 degrees; Specific gravity: 2.68-2.72.

Hardness: 6-6
Luster: Vitreous to pearly

Identified March 9, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in mafic igneous rocks such as basalt and gabbro, and some metamorphic rocks. The iridescence (labradorescence) is caused by submicroscopic exsolution lamellae (layers) within the crystal that scatter light. It is commonly associated with anorthosite deposits.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry (cabochons), interior design (countertops, tiles), ornamental carvings, and as a popular semi-precious gemstone for mineral collectors.

Geological facts

Labradorite was first discovered in Labrador, Canada, in 1770. The intense play of colors is so unique that the phenomenon is scientifically referred to as 'labradorescence.' In Inuit folklore, it was believed the Northern Lights (Aurora Borealis) were trapped inside the rocks until a warrior struck them with a spear.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by rotating the specimen under a bright light source to look for the 'flash' of blue or green color against a dark gray background. Major deposits are found in Canada (Labrador), Madagascar, Finland (Spectrolite variety), and Russia.

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