mineral

Jasper (Yellow/Brown)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Yellowish-brown to mustard; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91

Hardness: 6
Color: Yellowish-brown to mustard
Luster: Vitreous to waxy

Identified February 19, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Yellowish-brown to mustard; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91

Formation & geological history

Formed from the deposition of silica into cracks and cavities in volcanic or sedimentary rocks, often through hydrothermal activity or groundwater percolation. Its color comes from iron oxides like goethite.

Uses & applications

Used primarily for lapidary work, jewelry (cabochons), interior decoration, and as a popular stone for tumbling and crystal collecting.

Geological facts

Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. It has been used since antiquity for ornaments and cylinder seals. The name 'Jasper' is derived from the Old French word 'jaspre', meaning 'spotted or speckled stone'.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its waxy luster, smooth water-worn surface, and inability to be scratched by a steel knife. Commonly found in riverbeds, glacial deposits, and gravel pits throughout North America and Europe.

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