mineral

Hematite / Goethite (Iron Ore)

Iron Oxide (Fe2O3 / FeO(OH))

Hardness: 5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown to metallic grey; Luster: Dull to sub-metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Orthorhombic; Specific Gravity: 4.9-5.3

Hardness: 5-6
Color: Reddish-brown to metallic grey
Luster: Dull to sub-metallic

Identified March 9, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown to metallic grey; Luster: Dull to sub-metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Orthorhombic; Specific Gravity: 4.9-5.3

Formation & geological history

Formed through the oxidation of iron-rich minerals in hydrothermal veins or as a secondary weathering product. Often found in banded iron formations dating back over 2 billion years.

Uses & applications

Primary ore of iron used for steel production; also used as a pigment (ochre), in heavy media separation, and occasionally as semi-precious jewelry (black diamond simulant).

Geological facts

Hematite gets its name from the Greek word 'haima' (blood) because it turns red when powdered. It is responsible for the red color of the planet Mars.

Field identification & locations

Identify by a characteristic reddish-brown streak when rubbed against an unglazed porcelain plate. Look for it in sedimentary basins or near volcanic activity. Noted for its high density and slight magnetism.

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