Peridot

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6.5–7.0 (Mohs); Color: Olive-green, yellow-green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Poor; Specific Gravity: 3.27–3.37

Formation & Geological History

Formed deep within the Earth's mantle and brought to the surface by volcanic activity inside igneous rocks like basalt. It is also found in pallasite meteorites from space.

Uses & Applications

Primarily used in jewelry as a gemstone and as a birthstone for August. Lower quality olivine is used in industrial processes like sandblasting and steel manufacturing.

Geological Facts

Peridot is one of the few gemstones that occurs in only one color: green. Some specimens originate from outer space, found within meteorites that crashed to Earth.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its distinctive oil-green color and strong double refraction. Commonly found in basaltic rocks or as grains in volcanic sands like those in Hawaii.

Identified on: 4/14/2026

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