mineral

Kyawthuite

Kyawthuite (Bi3+Sb5+O4)

Hardness: 5.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-orange to deep orange; Luster: Adamantine (diamond-like); Crystal Structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Perfect; Specific Gravity: 8.25

Hardness: 5
Color: Reddish-orange to deep orange
Luster: Adamantine (diamond-like)

Identified May 15, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-orange to deep orange; Luster: Adamantine (diamond-like); Crystal Structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Perfect; Specific Gravity: 8.25

Formation & geological history

Found in alluvial deposits likely derived from pegmatites. Formed in high-pressure, high-temperature geological environments where bismuth and antimony are present.

Uses & applications

Primarily for scientific research and extremly rare gemstone collection. It has no industrial or construction utility due to its extreme scarcity.

Geological facts

Kyawthuite is currently recognized as the rarest mineral on Earth. There is only one officially recognized specimen in existence, which was discovered near Mogok, Myanmar.

Field identification & locations

Virtually impossible to identify in the field without laboratory testing due to its rarity. It was identified by the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. Collectors should look for distinct reddish-orange transparent crystals in heavy mineral concentrates from Mogok.