Granite

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Mottled grey, pink, and white. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained). Cleavage: Varies by mineral component. Specific gravity: 2.65-2.75.

Formation & Geological History

Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. Can range from Precambrian to Cenozoic age, occurring in batholiths and continental crust.

Uses & Applications

Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.

Geological Facts

Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. Mount Rushmore is carved into a massive granite batholith in South Dakota.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its interlocking grains of visible salt-and-pepper like mineral crystals. Found globally in mountainous regions and shield areas.

Identified on: 4/30/2026

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