metamorphic
Ruby in Zoisite (Anyolite)
Corundum var. Ruby in Zoisite (Al2O3 + (Ca2Al3(SiO4)3(OH)))
Hardness: 6-7 (Zoisite) to 9 (Ruby); Color: Pinkish-red to purple crystals in a green or black Matrix; Luster: Vitreous to Adamantine; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Orthorhombic; Specific gravity: 3.2-3.5
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Zoisite) to 9 (Ruby)
- Color
- Pinkish-red to purple crystals in a green or black Matrix
- Luster
- Vitreous to Adamantine
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Zoisite) to 9 (Ruby); Color: Pinkish-red to purple crystals in a green or black Matrix; Luster: Vitreous to Adamantine; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Orthorhombic; Specific gravity: 3.2-3.5
Formation & geological history
Formed under regional metamorphism in aluminum-rich, silica-poor environments. Often found in neoproterozoic basement rocks like the Mozambique Belt.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a semi-precious gemstone for cabochon cutting, decorative carvings, and jewelry such as beads and pendants. Also valued by mineral collectors for its contrasting colors.
Geological facts
The specific variety featuring green zoisite and ruby is known as Anyolite, derived from the Maasai word 'anyoli' meaning green. It was first discovered in 1954 in Tanzania.
Field identification & locations
Identified by the distinct hexagonal shape of the ruby crystals within a mottled matrix. Found commonly in Tanzania. Can be identified by testing for the extreme hardness of the ruby inclusions compared to the softer surrounding rock.
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