metamorphic
Greenstone (Rough Jadeite or Nephrite)
Sodium aluminum silicate (Jadeite) / Calcium magnesium iron silicate (Nephrite)
Hardness: 6.0-7.0 (Mohs); Color: Mottled green, grey-green; Luster: Waxy to greasy when wet; Structure: Cryptocrystalline/microcrystalline; Cleavage: None (highly resistant to fracturing); Specific Gravity: 2.9-3.4
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Mottled green, grey-green
- Luster
- Waxy to greasy when wet
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.0-7.0 (Mohs); Color: Mottled green, grey-green; Luster: Waxy to greasy when wet; Structure: Cryptocrystalline/microcrystalline; Cleavage: None (highly resistant to fracturing); Specific Gravity: 2.9-3.4
Formation & geological history
Formed through high-pressure, low-temperature metamorphism of basaltic or ultrabasic rocks in subduction zones. Often found as stream-tumbled cobbles or coastal pebbles.
Uses & applications
Used for lapidary work, decorative carvings, jewelry, and historically for stone tools due to its extreme toughness and resistance to shattering.
Geological facts
Jade has been prized since prehistoric times; the term 'jade' refers to two different minerals (nephrite and jadeite). This specimen shows the typical 'rind' and pitted texture of water-worn rough jade.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its high density (feels heavy for its size) and extreme toughness. Found commonly in California, British Columbia, New Zealand, and Myanmar. Use a hardness test to distinguish from softer serpentinite.
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