mineral

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless, white, or smoky with iron staining; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Colorless, white, or smoky with iron staining
Luster: Vitreous to greasy

Identified May 4, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the crystallization of silica-rich magma or from hydrothermal veins. It is one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth's crust and can be found in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary environments across all geological ages.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in glassmaking, electronics (piezoelectric properties), abrasives, grit for sandpaper, construction, and as gemstones in jewelry.

Geological facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It has piezoelectric properties, meaning it can generate an electric charge in response to applied mechanical stress, which is why it is used in watches and clocks.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (will scratch glass), lack of cleavage, and conchoidal (shell-like) fracture. Commonly found in granite veins or as pebbles in stream beds.