mineral

Chrysocolla and Azurite in Matrix

Hydrated copper phyllosilicate (Chrysocolla - Cu2H2Si2O5(OH)4) and Copper carbonate (Azurite - Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2)

Hardness: 2-4 (Chrysocolla) to 3.5-4 (Azurite); Color: Cyan, teal, and deep azure blue in a tan/grey host rock; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal Structure: Amorphous/Monoclinic; Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.4.

Hardness: 2-4 (Chrysocolla) to 3
Color: Cyan, teal, and deep azure blue in a tan/grey host rock
Luster: Vitreous to dull

Identified April 24, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Secondary mineral formed in the oxidation zones of copper-bearing ore bodies. It occurs as a result of the weathering of primary copper minerals by silica-rich and carbonate-rich waters.

Uses & applications

Used primarily as an ore of copper, as a gemstone for lapidary work (cabochons), and highly prized as decorative display specimens for collectors.

Geological facts

Chrysocolla is often confused with turquoise, but can be distinguished by its higher hydration and lower hardness. Azurite is famous for its deep blue 'bluebird' color and often alters into green malachite over geological time.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by the vibrant blue/green staining on host rock (often quartz or limestone) near copper mines. Common locations include Arizona (USA), Congo, Chile, and Australia.

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mineral