mineral

Muscovite Mica (with Quartz matrix)

Muscovite - KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2

Hardness: 2–2.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Pale yellow, silvery, or colorless; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal Structure: Monoclinic; Cleavage: Perfect basal (peels in thin, flexible sheets); Specific Gravity: 2.76–3.00.

Hardness: 2–2
Color: Pale yellow, silvery, or colorless
Luster: Vitreous to pearly

Identified March 17, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Primary mineral in granitic pegmatites and metamorphic rocks like schists and gneises. Formed through crystallization from silica-rich magmas or high-grade regional metamorphism, dating from the Precambrian to recent eras.

Uses & applications

Used widely as an electrical insulator in electronics, as a filler in paints and plastics, and in cosmetics (shimmering effect). High-quality specimens are popular for geological collections.

Geological facts

Historically called 'Muscovy-glass' because large sheets were used as a cheaper, heat-resistant alternative to glass for windows in Russia. It is extremely heat resistant and does not conduct electricity.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its 'book-like' layers and ability to peel off elastic, transparent flakes. Common in pegmatitic outcrops globally, including Brazil, India, and the United States (Appalachians).

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