mineral

Citrine (likely Heat-Treated Amethyst)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale yellow to deep honey/amber; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Pale yellow to deep honey/amber
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified March 23, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale yellow to deep honey/amber; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks, specifically in pegmatites or hydrothermal veins. While natural citrine is rare, most commercial specimens (like the one pictured) are created by heat-treating amethyst or smoky quartz to 400-500 degrees Celsius to alter iron impurities.

Uses & applications

Predominantly used as a gemstone in jewelry (rings, pendants), in decorative carvings, and as a popular specimen for crystal healing and mineral collectors.

Geological facts

Natural citrine is often called the 'Success Stone' or 'Merchant's Stone.' Heat-treated citrine can often be identified by its concentrated opaque white base and deep orange-burnt tips, whereas natural citrine is usually a consistent pale yellow.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (can scratch glass) and lack of cleavage. Commonly found in Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul), Madagascar, and Russia. Collectors look for clarity and the absence of 'burnt' orange patches.

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