mineral

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brick red to brownish-red; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91

Hardness: 6
Color: Brick red to brownish-red
Luster: Vitreous to dull

Identified March 21, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brick red to brownish-red; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91

Formation & geological history

Formed from the deposition of silica from water-rich fluids in cracks or volcanic cavities, often within sedimentary or igneous environments. The red color comes from high concentrations of oxidized iron (hematite) during crystallization.

Uses & applications

Predominantly used for ornamental purposes, semiprecious jewelry (beads, cabochons), lapidary art, and aquarium gravel. Historically used for architectural inlay.

Geological facts

Jasper has been a popular gemstone since antiquity, mentioned in the Bible and used by ancient Greeks and Romans for seals. Because of its hardness, it was also used to make scrapers by prehistoric humans.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its deep red, opaque color (unlike translucent carnelian) and smooth, conchoidal fracture. Found worldwide, particularly in India, Brazil, Egypt, and the southwestern USA. It is often found in riverbeds or as smooth coastal stones.

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