mineral

Hematite

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 Mohs scale; Color: Steel-gray to black with a characteristic reddish-brown streak; Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Specific Gravity: 4.9-5.3.

Hardness: 5
Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic

Identified April 18, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5 Mohs scale; Color: Steel-gray to black with a characteristic reddish-brown streak; Luster: Metallic to sub-metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Specific Gravity: 4.9-5.3.

Formation & geological history

Formed in an oxidized environment as a primary mineral in igneous rocks or as a precipitate in sedimentary iron formations (BIFs). Often found in hydrothermal veins and metamorphic settings. Common in Precambrian deposits.

Uses & applications

Primary ore of iron; used in jewelry as beads or cabochons; pigments for paint (ochre); polishing abrasive (jeweler's rouge); and as grounding stones in metaphysical practices.

Geological facts

Hematite gets its name from the Greek word 'haima' for blood due to the red color of its powder. It is also found in abundance on the planet Mars, giving the 'Red Planet' its distinct color.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its metallic luster and performing a streak test on unglazed porcelain; it will always leave a red/brown streak even if it looks black. Found globally in places like Brazil, Australia, and the Lake Superior region.