mineral
Garnet
Almandine (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3)
Hardness: 6.5-7.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Deep reddish-brown to dark brown. Luster: Vitreous to resinous. Crystal structure: Isometric (dodecahedral or trapezohedral). Cleavage: None. Specific Gravity: 3.5-4.3.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Deep reddish-brown to dark brown
- Luster
- Vitreous to resinous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Deep reddish-brown to dark brown. Luster: Vitreous to resinous. Crystal structure: Isometric (dodecahedral or trapezohedral). Cleavage: None. Specific Gravity: 3.5-4.3.
Formation & geological history
Formed in metamorphic rocks (schists, gneisses) and certain igneous rocks (granite, pegmatites) under high temperature and pressure. Can be hundreds of millions of years old depending on the host rock.
Uses & applications
Abrasives (sandblasting, waterjet cutting), gemstones/jewelry, and industrial filtration media.
Geological facts
Garnets are the birthstone for January. They were popular in the Roman Empire and are often found as water-worn pebbles in stream deposits due to their high density and resistance to weathering.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its distinct crystal shape (if present), its high density (feels heavy), and its dark red to brown color. Commonly found in metamorphic terrains like the Adirondack Mountains or the Appalachians.
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Other mineral specimens
Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)
Arenite (SiO2 based)
sedimentary
Epidote
Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)
metamorphic
Nephrite Jade
Nephrite
Mineral/Rock
Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)
Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)
Metamorphic Rock
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Green Apatite on Albite
Fluorapatite [Ca5(PO4)3F] on Albite [Na(AlSi3O8)]
mineral
Epidote
Epidote - Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)3(SiO4)3(OH)
mineral