Halite (Rock Salt)

Physical Properties

Hardness: 2-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless or white (can be blue, purple, or red with impurities); Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Isometric (cubic); Cleavage: Perfect cubic; Specific Gravity: 2.16

Formation & Geological History

Formed by the evaporation of saline water in sedimentary basins, such as enclosed lakes or playas. It occurs in vast evaporite sedimentary deposits that can date back hundreds of millions of years.

Uses & Applications

Used as a seasoning and preservative for food (table salt), for de-icing roads, in the chemical industry for producing chlorine and sodium hydroxide, and in livestock feed.

Geological Facts

Halite is the mineral name for what we commonly know as salt. Large underground deposits are sometimes used to store natural gas or radioactive waste because of the salt's low permeability and plastic flow properties.

Field Identification & Locations

Identified in the field by its cubic cleavage, salty taste (caution advised), and solubility in water. Found in dry lake beds like the Bonneville Salt Flats or in deep underground mines.

Identified on: 4/30/2026

Mode: Standard