Rock Identifier
Baltic Amber (Butterscotch or Egg Yolk Variety) (Succinite (chemical formula: C10H16O)) — Organic Gemstone (not a rock or mineral)
Organic Gemstone (not a rock or mineral)

Baltic Amber (Butterscotch or Egg Yolk Variety)

Succinite (chemical formula: C10H16O)

Hardness: 2.0-2.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Opaque yellow to creamy orange; Luster: Resinous; Crystal structure: Amorphous; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 1.05-1.10 (floats in salt water).

Hardness
2
Color
Opaque yellow to creamy orange
Luster
Resinous
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Physical properties

Hardness: 2.0-2.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Opaque yellow to creamy orange; Luster: Resinous; Crystal structure: Amorphous; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 1.05-1.10 (floats in salt water).

Formation & geological history

Formed from the fossilized resin of ancient coniferous trees (Pinus succinifera) during the Eocene epoch, approximately 44 million years ago. Found primarily in marine sedimentary deposits.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry (beads, pendants), ornamental carvings, and traditional medicine in some cultures. Historically used for scent and incense.

Geological facts

Amber is organic matter, not a mineral. The 'butterscotch' opacity is caused by millions of tiny air bubbles trapped within the resin. It is one of the few gemstones that feels warm to the touch and can generate static electricity when rubbed with a cloth.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its low density (light weight), resinous feel, and the 'salt water test' (it floats in saturated brine). Common locations include the Baltic Sea coastlines of Poland, Lithuania, and Russia (Kaliningrad).

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