mineral

Fluorite (Purple Fluorite in Matrix)

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride, CaF2)

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple/Violet (due to trace elements or radiation); Luster: Vitreous/Glassy; Crystal structure: Cubic (isometric) habit; Cleavage: Perfect octahedral in four directions; Specific Gravity: 3.18

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale
Color: Purple/Violet (due to trace elements or radiation)
Luster: Vitreous/Glassy

Identified March 27, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through hydrothermal processes, often as a vein mineral in metallic deposits or near cooling magma bodies. It precipitates from mineral-rich fluids at low to moderate temperatures. Geological age varies by location, occurring from Paleozoic to more recent formations.

Uses & applications

Used industrially as a flux for smelting steel and aluminum, in the manufacture of enamels and hydrofluoric acid, and for high-quality optical lenses. As a gemstone, it is popular for ornamental carvings and cabochons, though its low hardness limits use in daily-wear jewelry.

Geological facts

Fluorite is famously fluorescent under ultraviolet light; the phenomenon of 'fluorescence' was actually named after this mineral. It is often called 'the most colorful mineral in the world' because it can occur in almost any color of the rainbow.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct cubic crystal shape and its relatively low hardness (can be scratched by a steel knife). Common locations include China, Mexico, Illinois/Kentucky (USA), and England. Collectors should look for sharp, undamaged crystal faces and deep color saturation.

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