metamorphic
Nephrite Jade
Ca2(Mg, Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2
Hardness: 6-6.5 Mohs; Color: Forest green to olive green; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Monoclinic (fibrous habit); Specific Gravity: 2.9–3.03
- Hardness
- 6-6
- Color
- Forest green to olive green
- Luster
- Vitreous to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-6.5 Mohs; Color: Forest green to olive green; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal Structure: Monoclinic (fibrous habit); Specific Gravity: 2.9–3.03
Formation & geological history
Formed through the metamorphism of magnesium-rich rocks (like serpentinite) or siliceous dolomitic limestones under high pressure and moderate temperatures.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in jewelry, ornamental carvings, and sculpture. Historically used for tool making (axe heads) due to its extreme toughness.
Geological facts
Nephrite is one of two minerals known as jade. It is tougher and more fracture-resistant than steel because of its interlocking felt-like fibrous structure.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its waxy luster and incredible toughness (it won't break easily with a hammer). Common locations include British Columbia, Canada, and New Zealand.
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