Nephrite Jade

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-6.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Dark forest green to blackish-green; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Structure: Interlocking microcrystalline fibrous amphibole; Cleavage: None (highly tough/fracture-resistant); Specific Gravity: 2.90–3.03.

Formation & Geological History

Formed via regional metamorphism of magnesium-rich limestones (dolomites) or through the metasomatism of ultramafic rocks by silica-bearing fluids. It is often found in riverbeds as water-worn cobbles.

Uses & Applications

Extensively used in jewelry, ornamental carvings, statues, and historical tools/weapons due to its extreme toughness.

Geological Facts

Nephrite is significantly tougher than steel. It was known as the 'Stone of Heaven' in ancient China and was used for everything from burial suits to imperial seals. It is one of two distinct minerals referred to as 'Jade' (the other being Jadeite).

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its waxy/greasy luster when polished and its extreme resistance to breaking. In the field, look for smooth, heavy, dense green stones in river deposits near serpentinite belts. It cannot be scratched by a common knife easily but can be scratched by quartz.

Identified on: 4/22/2026

Mode: Standard