sedimentary
Travertine
Terrestrial Sedimentary Rock (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)
Hardness: 3-4 (Mohs); Color: Beige, tan, cream, white; Luster: Dull to pearly; Structure: Microcrystalline with characteristic pits and voids (vugs); Cleavage: None (fractures irregularly); Specific gravity: 2.4 - 2.7.
- Hardness
- 3-4 (Mohs)
- Color
- Beige, tan, cream, white
- Luster
- Dull to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-4 (Mohs); Color: Beige, tan, cream, white; Luster: Dull to pearly; Structure: Microcrystalline with characteristic pits and voids (vugs); Cleavage: None (fractures irregularly); Specific gravity: 2.4 - 2.7.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the rapid precipitation of calcium carbonate, often at the mouth of hot springs or in limestone caves. It is a terrestrial sedimentary rock, usually of Quaternary age, though older deposits exist.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for flooring, wall cladding, backsplashes, and paving. Historically used for monumental architecture (e.g., the Roman Colosseum).
Geological facts
The largest building in the world constructed mostly of travertine is the Colosseum in Rome. The distinct holes in travertine are caused by escaping carbon dioxide bubbles during formation.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its banded, fibrous appearance and unique porous texture. Common locations include Italy (Tivoli), Turkey, and Yellowstone National Park (Mammoth Hot Springs).
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