metamorphic
Lapis Lazuli (in Matrix)
Lazurite-bearing Metamorphic Rock (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(SO4,S,Cl)2
Hardness: 5-5.5 | Color: Deep blue (Lazurite) with grey (Calcite) or gold (Pyrite) | Luster: Dull to Greasy | Structure: Isometric | Specific Gravity: 2.7-2.9
- Hardness
- 5-5
- Luster
- Dull to Greasy | Structure: Isometric | Specific Gravity: 2
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5-5.5 | Color: Deep blue (Lazurite) with grey (Calcite) or gold (Pyrite) | Luster: Dull to Greasy | Structure: Isometric | Specific Gravity: 2.7-2.9
Formation & geological history
Formed through contact metamorphism where limestone or dolomite has been altered by magmatic heat, typically found in marbles. This specimen shows significant host rock matrix.
Uses & applications
Used for carvings, cabochons for jewelry, inlay work, and historically as a source for ultramarine pigment in fine art.
Geological facts
Lapis Lazuli was highly prized by Ancient Egyptians for amulets and funerary masks. It is a rock composed of multiple minerals, primarily lazurite, calcite, and pyrite.
Field identification & locations
Identify by the distinct intense blue color and the presence of white calcite or gold pyrite flecks. High-quality lapis has minimal visible matrix. Found commonly in Afghanistan (Sar-e-Sang), Russia, and Chile.
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