mineral

Specular Hematite (Specularite)

Hematite (Iron(III) oxide) - Fe2O3

Hardness: 5.5-6.5; Color: Steel-gray to black with a glittering/sparkly appearance; Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Specific Gravity: 5.26; Streak: Reddish-brown.

Hardness: 5
Color: Steel-gray to black with a glittering/sparkly appearance
Luster: Metallic

Identified April 12, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5; Color: Steel-gray to black with a glittering/sparkly appearance; Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Specific Gravity: 5.26; Streak: Reddish-brown.

Formation & geological history

Formed through hydrothermal processes, contact metamorphism, or as a primary precipitate in banded iron formations. Can occur in igneous environments as well. Most significant deposits are Precambrian in age.

Uses & applications

Major ore of iron for steel production. Specular varieties are used as ornamental stones, in jewelry (beads/cabochons), and historically as pigments or mirrors.

Geological facts

The name comes from the Greek word 'haima' (blood) due to its red streak. Specularite is specifically the variety named for its mirror-like (specular) reflections from thousands of tiny micaceous flakes.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its sparkly metallic appearance and characteristic reddish-brown streak when scratched on unglazed porcelain. Commonly found in Michigan (USA), Brazil, and South Africa.

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