Sedimentary / Mineral
Jasper (specifically Bloodstone or Heliotrope variety)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Dark green with spots or streaks of red/orange; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Trigonal (cryptocrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.65
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Dark green with spots or streaks of red/orange
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Dark green with spots or streaks of red/orange; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Trigonal (cryptocrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed through the deposition of silica from hydrothermal solutions or in sedimentary environments. The green color is typically caused by chlorite or actinolite inclusions, while red spots are iron oxide (hematite). This specimen likely dates from the Mesozoic to Cenozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in lapidary arts for cabochons, beads, and carvings. It is also an industrial abrasive in some forms and a popular collector's specimen due to its semi-precious status.
Geological facts
In the Middle Ages, the red spots were believed to be the blood of Christ, leading to the name 'Bloodstone.' It is the traditional birthstone for March and was used in Babylonian times for seals and protective amulets.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its waxy luster, lack of transparency (opaque), and characteristic 'chert-like' conchoidal fracture. Commonly found in riverbeds or as nodules in volcanic rocks. Significant deposits are found in India, Brazil, Australia, and the western United States.
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