mineral
Diamond (Faceted Colorless)
Diamond (Pure Carbon, C)
Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless (D-F grade), Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Isometric-hexoctahedral (cubic), Cleavage: Perfect in four directions (octahedral), Specific Gravity: 3.52
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Physical properties
Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless (D-F grade), Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Isometric-hexoctahedral (cubic), Cleavage: Perfect in four directions (octahedral), Specific Gravity: 3.52
Formation & geological history
Formed at high pressure and temperature in the Earth's mantle (approx. 150-200km deep) and brought to the surface via kimberlite or lamproite volcanic pipes. Formed billions of years ago.
Uses & applications
Primary use in fine jewelry (engagement rings), industrial abrasives, cutting tools, heat sinks in electronics, and scientific high-pressure research.
Geological facts
Diamond is the hardest natural substance on Earth. Most natural diamonds are between 1 billion and 3.5 billion years old. The name comes from the Greek word 'adamas', meaning invincible.
Field identification & locations
Identify by extreme hardness (scratches all other minerals), high thermal conductivity, and distinctive adamantine luster. Professional testing is required to distinguish from synthetic moissanite or cubic zirconia.
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