mineral
Bornite
Bornite (Cu5FeS4)
Hardness: 3.0-3.25; Color: Copper-red to brown on fresh surfaces, tarnishing to iridescent blues, purples, and yellows; Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic (pseudo-cubic); Cleavage: Poor; Specific Gravity: 5.06-5.08
- Hardness
- 3
- Luster
- Metallic
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3.0-3.25; Color: Copper-red to brown on fresh surfaces, tarnishing to iridescent blues, purples, and yellows; Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic (pseudo-cubic); Cleavage: Poor; Specific Gravity: 5.06-5.08
Formation & geological history
Found in copper ore deposits, typically formed in hydrothermal veins or as a primary mineral in igneous and metamorphic rocks. It often occurs alongside minerals like chalcopyrite and chalcocite.
Uses & applications
A major ore of copper. High-quality iridescent specimens are popular among mineral collectors and used occasionally in decorative lapidary work.
Geological facts
Commonly known as 'Peacock Ore' due to its brilliant iridescent tarnish. While it occurs naturally, some 'peacock ore' sold in shops is actually chalcopyrite treated with acid to enhance the colors.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its rapid tarnishing to purple/blue and its streak, which is grayish-black. Commonly found in copper mining districts like those in Arizona (USA), Cornwall (UK), and Chile.
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