mineral

Moss Agate

Silicon Dioxide with inclusions (SiO2 + Fe/Mg/Mn/Chlorite)

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Clear to milky white with green, black, or brown moss-like inclusions; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.64

Hardness: 6
Luster: Vitreous to waxy

Identified May 31, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the deposition of silica in volcanic rock cavities (vugs) or veins. The 'moss' patterns are formed by dendritic inclusions of manganese or iron oxides, or green minerals like chlorite, during the stone's formation.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry (cabochons, beads), decorative carvings, and as a popular specimen for crystal collectors.

Geological facts

Despite its name, Moss Agate contains no organic plant matter; the patterns are purely mineral. It has been used since ancient times in amulets and was historically known as a gardener's stone in Europe.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its translucent body combined with branching, moss-like filament inclusions. Unlike tree agate, it is more translucent. Commonly found in India, Brazil, Uruguay, and the western United States.

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