sedimentary
Sandstone
Clastic Sedimentary Rock (primarily Quartz, SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (individual grains); Color: Tan, brown, or earthy yellow; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.0-2.6
- Hardness
- 6-7 (individual grains)
- Color
- Tan, brown, or earthy yellow
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (individual grains); Color: Tan, brown, or earthy yellow; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.0-2.6
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (clastic) of silica and/or feldspar. This specimen appears to be a river-worn pebble, likely millions of years old, shaped by fluvial transport.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in construction (building stone, flagstone), as an abrasive material, and as a reservoir rock for oil and natural gas.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Notable formations include the red rocks of the Grand Canyon and the Nabataean architecture in Petra.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. Often found in riverbeds, deserts, and coastal areas. Collectors look for unique banding or fossils within the layers.
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