mineral
Smoky Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Smoky brown to black/gray, Luster: Vitreous, Crystal structure: Hexagonal (trigonal), Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Smoky brown to black/gray, Luster: Vitreous, Crystal structure: Hexagonal (trigonal), Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed in igneous or metamorphic rocks like granite or pegmatites. The smoky color is caused by natural irradiation of trace aluminum within the crystal lattice over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used in jewelry, precision instruments, and widely collected as a metaphysical or ornamental stone.
Geological facts
Cairngorm is a famous variety found in the Cairngorm Mountains of Scotland. It is the national gemstone of Scotland.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its translucent smoky gray-brown color and its ability to scratch glass. Found globally, especially in Brazil and the Swiss Alps.
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Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)
Arenite (SiO2 based)
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Epidote
Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)
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Nephrite Jade
Nephrite
Mineral/Rock
Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)
Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)
Metamorphic Rock
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Green Apatite on Albite
Fluorapatite [Ca5(PO4)3F] on Albite [Na(AlSi3O8)]
mineral
Epidote
Epidote - Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)3(SiO4)3(OH)
mineral