Granite

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pink, gray, white, and black mottled; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is a plutonic rock found in continental crust across all geological ages, especially in mountain ranges.

Uses & Applications

Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.

Geological Facts

Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. It is one of the hardest and most durable natural stones, which is why it has been used in architecture since Ancient Egypt.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its speckled 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals of different colors. It is commonly found in mountainous regions or as river-worn pebbles.

Identified on: 5/3/2026

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