mineral

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite inclusions

Hardness: 6.5 to 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Red, maroon, brownish-red; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Hexagonal (trigonal) microcrystalline quartz; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.58 to 2.91

Hardness: 6
Color: Red, maroon, brownish-red
Luster: Vitreous to dull

Identified February 19, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony formed through the deposition of silica from water or volcanic ash, followed by metamorphism or diagenesis. The red color comes from iron oxide (hematite) inclusions. It is found in volcanic and sedimentary rocks throughout multiple geological eras.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in jewelry (cabochons, beads), lapidary art, ornaments, and as a collector's stone. Historically used for seals and amulets.

Geological facts

Red jasper was often called the 'stone of endurance' in ancient cultures. It has been used for thousands of years, including in the Minoan civilization of Crete and ancient Egypt for jewelry and protective charms.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its deep red color and high hardness (it will scratch glass). It typically has a smooth, waxy feel when polished naturally by water. Commonly found in riverbeds and along coastal beaches in areas like the Pacific Northwest, Brazil, and India.

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