igneous

Granite

Phaneritic plutonic rock composed of Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Salt-and-pepper (white, gray, black, pink). Luster: Vitreous to dull. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained). Cleavage: Varies by mineral constituent. Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75.

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Salt-and-pepper (white, gray, black, pink)
Luster: Vitreous to dull

Identified May 24, 2026More igneous →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed by the slow crystallization of silica-rich magma below the Earth's surface. It is a coarse-grained, intrusive igneous rock that can be hundreds of millions of years old, often associated with continental crust formation.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments. It is also used as crushed stone for road base and aggregate.

Geological facts

Granite is one of the hardest substances in the world and makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. Several famous landmarks, like Mount Rushmore, are carved directly into granite.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its interlocking visible crystals. Look for translucent quartz, opaque white or pink feldspar, and black specks of biotite or hornblende. It is found in massive batholiths and mountain ranges globally.

Other igneous specimens

See all

Blue Apatite

Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)

mineral

Dark Igneous Rock (Likely Basalt or Diabase)

Basalt (extrusive igneous rock) or Diabase (intrusive igneous rock - also known as Dolerite), largely composed of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene (augite), and sometimes olivine and amphibole. Exact mineralogy would require thin section analysis.

Igneous

Magnetite

Iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3O4)

mineral

Blue Apatite

Apatite (Group), Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)

mineral

Sodalite

Sodalite - Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2

mineral

Magnetite

Magnetite (Fe3O4)

mineral