Specular Hematite

Physical Properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5; Color: Steel-gray to black with a metallic glitter; Luster: Sub-metallic to metallic (sparkly); Crystal structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 5.26.

Formation & Geological History

Formed through hydrothermal processes or contact metamorphism. It is often found in banded iron formations or as a sublimation product in volcanic areas. Can be found in Precambrian deposits over 2 billion years old.

Uses & Applications

Primarily used as an ore of iron. Fine specimens are used in jewelry (as beads or cabochons), for metaphysical collecting, and as a pigment in paints (ochre).

Geological Facts

Specular hematite gets its name from 'speculum,' the Latin word for mirror, because it is so shiny. Despite its silvery appearance, if you rub it on a streak plate, it will leave a characteristic rust-red streak.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its high density (heavy for its size), its 'glittery' metallic surface that doesn't rub off like graphite, and its red-brown streak test. Common in iron-rich mining districts like those in Michigan, Brazil, and Australia.

Identified on: 4/13/2026

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