Amazonite

Hardness: 6 to 6.5 on Mohs scale. Color: Typically blue-green to green, often with white streaks. Luster: Vitreous to pearly. Crystal structure: Triclinic. Cleavage: Good in two directions at nearly 90 degrees. Specific Gravity: 2.56-2.58.

Amazonite is a tectosilicate mineral, a variety of microcline feldspar. It forms in plutonic igneous rocks like granite and syenite, pegmatites, and some metamorphic rocks. Its distinctive blue-green color is thought to be due to small amounts of lead within its crystal structure. It is typically found in coarse-grained igneous rocks (pegmatites) or as secondary minerals in veins.

Predominantly used as a gemstone and ornamental stone. It is cut into cabochons, beads (as seen in the image), and polished for jewelry. Due to its attractive color and relative hardness, it is also used for carvings and decorative objects.

Despite its name, amazonite is not typically found in the Amazon River basin. It was likely named after emerald green stones from that region, which were mistaken for amazonite. Some of the finest amazonite comes from Russia and Colorado, USA. Historically, amazonite was used by ancient Egyptians for jewelry and decorative items. It is sometimes referred to as 'Amazon Stone'.

In the field, amazonite is identified by its characteristic blue-green color, which can range from pale to vivid. Its feldspar cleavage is also a key identifying feature. It is commonly found in pegmatite deposits, particularly in countries like Russia (Ilmen Mountains), USA (Colorado, Virginia), Brazil, Madagascar, and Namibia. Collectors often seek out well-formed crystals or large, richly colored pieces suitable for cutting.