mineral

Labradorite

Labradorite ((Ca, Na)(Al, Si)4O8)

Hardness: 6.0–6.5 Mohs scale; Color: Dark gray to gray-black, exhibiting blue, green, or gold iridescence; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Triclinic; Cleavage: Perfect in two directions; Specific gravity: 2.68–2.72.

Hardness: 6
Luster: Vitreous to pearly

Identified March 11, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in mafic igneous rocks through the cooling of magma. Significant deposits are found in anorthosite. Typically associated with the Proterozoic era, specifically around 1.3 billion years ago in certain regions like Labrador, Canada.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in jewelry (cabochons and beads) and ornamental carvings. Also used in architectural applications like luxury countertops, wall tiles, and building facades.

Geological facts

Famous for its 'labradorescence,' an optical effect caused by internal lamellar twinning which scatters light into vibrant rainbows. It was first officially discovered by Moravian missionaries in Labrador, Canada, in 1770.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by rotating the specimen in sunlight to look for the characteristic flashes of color (labradorescence). Common locations include Madagascar, Canada, Finland (where a high-quality variety called Spectrolite is found), and Russia.