mineral

Diamond

Diamond (pure Carbon, C)

Hardness (10 Mohs scale), Colorless/White (most common), Adamantine luster, Isometric/Cubic crystal system, Octahedral cleavage, Specific gravity 3.52.

Identified May 30, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness (10 Mohs scale), Colorless/White (most common), Adamantine luster, Isometric/Cubic crystal system, Octahedral cleavage, Specific gravity 3.52.

Formation & geological history

Formed under high-pressure, high-temperature conditions in Earth's mantle, typically at depths of 150-250km, and transported to the surface by kimberlite or lamproite volcanic eruptions.

Uses & applications

Primary use in high-end jewelry and as industrial abrasives for cutting, drilling, and grinding due to its extreme hardness.

Geological facts

Diamond is the only gemstone made of a single element: Carbon. The Hope Diamond is one of the most famous examples globally, known for its rare blue color and alleged curse.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its extreme hardness (cannot be scratched by any other mineral) and high thermal conductivity. Commonly found in secondary alluvial deposits (rivers/beaches) or primary kimberlite pipes.