mineral

Almandine Garnet

Almandine (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3)

Hardness: 7.5-8.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Deep red, reddish-brown, to purplish-red; Luster: Vitreous to resinous; Crystal structure: Isometric (commonly dodecahedral or trapezohedral); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 4.1-4.3

Hardness: 7
Color: Deep red, reddish-brown, to purplish-red
Luster: Vitreous to resinous

Identified April 11, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed primarily in regional metamorphic rocks such as mica schists and gneisses through the metamorphosis of clay-rich sedimentary rocks. Can also be found in some igneous rocks like granites and pegmatites. Geological age varies significantly from Precambrian to Cenozoic.

Uses & applications

Used extensively as an abrasive in sandpaper and water-jet cutting; high-quality specimens are used as gemstones in jewelry; and also as a mineral indicator in geological research.

Geological facts

Garnet is the official birthstone for January. Almandine is the most common variety of the garnet group. It was historically known as 'carbuncle' when cut as a cabochon in ancient times.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its characteristic red to brownish-red color, high hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and common occurrences in schist. Found globally, with notable deposits in New York (USA), India, Brazil, and Sri Lanka.