mineral

Chrysocolla on Matrix

Hydrated copper phyllosilicate mineral (Cu,Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)4·nH2O

Hardness: 2.5-3.5 (often harder if high silica content); Color: Cyan, turquoise-blue, or green; Luster: Vitreous to dull/earthy; Crystal structure: Orthorhombic (acicular crystals, usually amorphous); Specific gravity: 2.0-2.4.

Hardness: 2
Color: Cyan, turquoise-blue, or green
Luster: Vitreous to dull/earthy

Identified April 8, 2026More mineral →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in the oxidation zones of copper ore bodies. It is a secondary mineral that precipitates from circulating groundwater containing dissolved copper reacting with silica-rich rocks.

Uses & applications

Used primarily as a minor ore of copper, as a gemstone for jewelry (cabochons and beads), and as a popular specimen for mineral collectors.

Geological facts

Chrysocolla is often confused with turquoise, but it is softer. It is frequently found intergrown with other minerals like quartz, malachite, or azurite. Historically, it was named from the Greek words 'chrysos' (gold) and 'kolla' (glue), referencing its use in soldering gold.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its vivid blue-green color and tendency to stick to the tongue due to its porous, hydrated nature. Found in arid regions like Arizona (USA), Chile, Zaire, and Australia.

Other mineral specimens

See all

Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

sedimentary

Epidote

Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)

metamorphic

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite

Mineral/Rock

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)

Metamorphic Rock

Green Apatite on Albite

Fluorapatite [Ca5(PO4)3F] on Albite [Na(AlSi3O8)]

mineral

Epidote

Epidote - Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)3(SiO4)3(OH)

mineral