mineral

Pyrite

Iron Sulfide (FeS2)

Hardness: 6-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: brass-yellow, pale gold; Luster: metallic; Crystal structure: isometric (often cubic or pyritohedral); Cleavage: poor; Specific gravity: 4.9-5.2.

Hardness: 6-6
Color: brass-yellow, pale gold
Luster: metallic

Identified March 4, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: brass-yellow, pale gold; Luster: metallic; Crystal structure: isometric (often cubic or pyritohedral); Cleavage: poor; Specific gravity: 4.9-5.2.

Formation & geological history

Forms in a variety of geological settings including hydrothermal veins, as an accessory mineral in igneous rocks, in sedimentary rocks as a result of biological activity, and in metamorphic rocks. Occurs across all geological ages.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in the industrial production of sulfuric acid and sulfur dioxide. Historically used as a source of ignition in wheel-lock firearms. Popular as a 'beginner' gemstone for jewelry and a common collector's specimen.

Geological facts

Commonly known as 'Fool's Gold' because its color and high density frequently led novice prospectors to mistake it for real gold. Unlike gold, which is soft and can be cut, pyrite is brittle and creates sparks when struck against steel.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its brassy color, cubic crystal habit, and green-black streak on a porcelain plate. Common worldwide, with notable deposits in Spain, Italy, and the USA. Collectors look for sharp, unweathered cubic faces.