mineral

Aquamarine

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18 with iron impurities)

Hardness: 7.5 - 8.0 on the Mohs scale; Color: Pale blue to greenish-blue; Luster: Vitreous (glass-like); Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.67 - 2.90

Hardness: 7
Color: Pale blue to greenish-blue
Luster: Vitreous (glass-like)

Identified March 14, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7.5 - 8.0 on the Mohs scale; Color: Pale blue to greenish-blue; Luster: Vitreous (glass-like); Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.67 - 2.90

Formation & geological history

Formed in pegmatites and metamorphic rocks through hydrothermal processes. Most deposits are found in granite pegmatites and often date back to the Mesozoic or Cenozoic eras.

Uses & applications

A popular semi-precious gemstone used extensively in jewelry (rings, necklaces, beads) and as a collector's mineral specimen. Historically used for maritime talismans.

Geological facts

The name comes from Latin 'aqua marina,' meaning 'water of the sea.' The largest gem-quality aquamarine ever found was the 'Dom Pedro,' which weighed 110 kg in its uncut form.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic hexagonal crystal shape, high hardness (will scratch glass easily), and pale blue color. Commonly found in Brazil, Pakistan, Madagascar, and the United States (Colorado). Check for two-phase inclusions under magnification for authenticity.

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