mineral

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Colorless to white/gray (when transparent); Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None, exhibits conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Colorless to white/gray (when transparent)
Luster: Vitreous to greasy

Identified May 20, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the crystallization of silica-rich magma or precipitation from hydrothermal veins. It is found in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary environments across all geological ages.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in glassmaking, electronics (piezoelectric properties), abrasives, construction as an aggregate, and as a gemstone or decorative mineral in jewelry and collecting.

Geological facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in the Earth's continental crust. It is highly resistant to both chemical and physical weathering, which is why it often remains as sand after other minerals have eroded away.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (will scratch glass), lack of cleavage, and conchoidal (shell-like) fracture. Look for it in granite outcrops, riverbeds, and as vein fillings in many rock types.