Amber

Physical Properties

Hardness: 2.0-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Honey-yellow to brown; Luster: Resinous; Crystal structure: Amorphous; Fracture: Conchoidal; Specific Gravity: 1.05-1.10 (very light, floats in salt water).

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the fossilization of resin from ancient coniferous trees over millions of years (primarily Eocene epoch, 35-50 million years ago).

Uses & Applications

Primarily used in jewelry, as gemstone beads, and in decorative arts. It is also of high value to paleontologists for preserving biological inclusions like insects.

Geological Facts

Amber is organic, not a true mineral. It is famous for trapping prehistoric organisms in air-tight conditions, preserving DNA fragments and physical structures perfectly for millions of years.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its warm feel to the touch (unlike cold glass/stone), electrostatic properties (it attracts small bits of paper when rubbed with cloth), and its tendency to float in saturated salt water.

Identified on: 4/25/2026

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