metamorphic
Quartzite
Quartzite (SiO2)
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: White, buff, or pink; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: Indistinct/conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.6-2.7
- Hardness
- 7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- White, buff, or pink
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: White, buff, or pink; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: Indistinct/conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.6-2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed through the metamorphism of quartz sandstone under high heat and pressure, typically during mountain-building events (orogeny). The original quartz grains recrystallize and fuse together.
Uses & applications
Used as a decorative stone, in construction as crushed stone or flooring, as an abrasive, and in the manufacturing of glass and ceramics.
Geological facts
Quartzite is so tough that it often survives intense weathering better than surrounding rocks, frequently forming the tops of ridges and mountains. It is harder than steel and will scratch glass easily.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its extreme hardness and grainy, sugary texture on fresh surfaces. Unlike marble, it will not fizz when exposed to acid. Commonly found in folded mountain belts globally.
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