mineral
Gold
Native Gold (Au)
Hardness: 2.5-3.0 Mohs; Color: Metallic yellow; Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Isometric/Cubic; Cleavage: None/Hackly; Specific Gravity: 19.3 (very high)
- Hardness
- 2
- Color
- Metallic yellow
- Luster
- Metallic
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.5-3.0 Mohs; Color: Metallic yellow; Luster: Metallic; Crystal Structure: Isometric/Cubic; Cleavage: None/Hackly; Specific Gravity: 19.3 (very high)
Formation & geological history
Formed primarily in hydrothermal quartz veins and as placer deposits in sedimentary environments through weathering. Geological age varies globally from Archean to recent Cenozoic formations.
Uses & applications
Predominantly used for jewelry, investment (bullion/coins), electronics due to high conductivity/corrosion resistance, and dentistry.
Geological facts
Gold is incredibly ductile; a single ounce can be drawn into a wire 50 miles long. It is also one of the few metals that do not oxidize or tarnish in air or water.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its high density and malleability (it bends rather than shatters). Common locations include the Witwatersrand in South Africa, Nevada (USA), and various riverbeds in Australia and California.
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