mineral

Amethyst

Amethyst (Silicon Dioxide - SiO2 with ferric impurities)

Hardness: 7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Ranges from light lavender to deep violet; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on the Mohs scale
Color: Ranges from light lavender to deep violet
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified March 23, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins or geodes within igneous rocks (primarily basalt). The purple color is caused by natural irradiation of trace iron impurities within the quartz crystal lattice. Specimens can vary in age from millions to hundreds of millions of years.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in jewelry (faceted gemstones, beads), decorative carvings, and as a popular specimen for mineral collectors and metaphysical practitioners.

Geological facts

Ancient Greeks believed amethyst could prevent intoxication, which is why its name comes from the Greek word 'amethystos' meaning 'not intoxicated.' It is the official birthstone for February.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its six-sided prismatic crystals ending in a pyramid shape and its characteristic purple hue. Common locations include Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and Ontario, Canada. High-quality clusters often feature deep purple tips and clear bases.

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